"Scientists studying animal behaviour believe they have growing evidence that species ranging from mice to primates are governed by moral codes of conduct in the same way as humans. Until recently, humans were thought to be the only species to experience complex emotions and have a sense of morality...

In this article I attempt to bridge F.A. Hayek's theory of how the brain works to his theory of how ethics evolve in a social system. Both are theories of spontaneous orders, and a great deal of work on both how the brain works and on the evolution of morals supports Hayeks' theories. However...